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Disclaimer: The information on this web site is issued by the New Zealand Debt Management Office (NZDMO) for informational purposes. It does not contain and is not an invitation or offer to buy or sell securities. Each page on this web site must be read in conjunction with the disclaimer at http://www.nzdmo.govt.nz.
External Trade (continued)
Composition of Merchandise Exports and Imports
The agricultural sector is highly efficient and has steadily increased the value-added component in agricultural exports. Agricultural exports are an important source of export income for the New Zealand economy. Meat and dairy products are the most important agricultural exports - together they accounted for around 34% of total merchandise export values in the year ended 30 September 2008.
The manufacturing sector has been a major source of export growth and diversification over the past two decades. The Closer Economic Relations agreement with Australia has contributed to a successful expansion by manufacturers into that market. A focus on design, reliability and cost is also seeing manufacturers make inroads into other markets, particularly Asia and the United States. Despite New Zealand's geographical position, it now exports a range of manufactured goods, including plastic goods, carpets and textiles, wines and high-tech computer equipment to countries throughout the world.
As New Zealand has become more internationally oriented, imports have played a larger role in the economy. In real terms, merchandise imports have more than tripled since 1990.
The following tables show the dollar amounts and percentage distribution of New Zealand's major exports and imports.
The following tables show the dollar amounts and percentage distribution of New Zealand's major exports and imports.
| Year ended 30 September (dollar amount in millions) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2008 % of Total |
|
| Dairy Produce etc | 4,973 | 5,061 | 6,062 | 6,410 | 9,127 | 21.7% |
| Meat and edible meat offal | 4,556 | 4,608 | 4,614 | 4,424 | 4,914 | 11.7% |
| Mineral fuels | 504 | 639 | 558 | 789 | 3,177 | 7.6% |
| Wood and articles of wood | 2,106 | 1,938 | 2,042 | 2,152 | 2,045 | 4.9% |
| Mechanical machinery | 1,289 | 1,437 | 1,563 | 1,548 | 1,552 | 3.7% |
| Fruit | 1,335 | 1,164 | 1,216 | 1,221 | 1,456 | 3.5% |
| Aluminium and articles thereof | 1,040 | 1,052 | 1,384 | 1,541 | 1,445 | 3.4% |
| Fish, crustaceans and molluscs | 1,108 | 1,119 | 1,173 | 1,106 | 1,145 | 2.7% |
| Iron and steel | 675 | 726 | 775 | 843 | 975 | 2.3% |
| Electrical machinery | 878 | 890 | 949 | 921 | 917 | 2.2% |
| Casein and caseinate | 744 | 627 | 742 | 756 | 907 | 2.2% |
| Wool and other animal fibres | 726 | 663 | 685 | 625 | 613 | 1.5% |
| Raw hides and skins | 537 | 444 | 451 | 460 | 507 | 1.2% |
| Vegetables | 377 | 354 | 381 | 429 | 418 | 1.0% |
| Precious stones, metals & jewellery | 307 | 313 | 369 | 304 | 537 | 1.3% |
| Plastics and articles thereof | 397 | 441 | 430 | 430 | 432 | 1.0% |
| Wood pulp | 531 | 501 | 565 | 677 | 662 | 1.6% |
| Paper and paper product | 604 | 592 | 457 | 499 | 531 | 1.3% |
| All other commodities | 6,235 | 6,827 | 7,658 | 7,970 | 8,995 | 21.4% |
| TOTAL NEW ZEALAND PRODUCE | 28,922 | 29,396 | 32,074 | 33,105 | 40,355 | 96.1% |
| Re-exports | 1,126 | 1,374 | 1,794 | 1,486 | 1,618 | 3.9% |
| Total Merchandise Exports F.O.B. | 30,048 | 30,770 | 33,868 | 34,591 | 41,973 | 100.0% |
| Year ended 30 September (dollar amount in millions) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2008 % of Total |
|
| Mechanical Machinery | 4,473 | 4,770 | 4,916 | 4,997 | 5,756 | 13.0% |
| Vehicles | 4,957 | 5,111 | 4,440 | 4,640 | 4,968 | 11.2% |
| Electrical machinery | 3,153 | 3,105 | 3,268 | 3,592 | 3,740 | 8.4% |
| Mineral fuels | 2,993 | 4,037 | 5,500 | 5,271 | 7,768 | 17.5% |
| Aircraft | 1,175 | 686 | 2,018 | 898 | 978 | 2.2% |
| Plastic and articles thereof | 1,169 | 1,307 | 1,379 | 1,451 | 1,564 | 3.5% |
| Optical, photographic, etc | 1,033 | 1,069 | 1,142 | 1,107 | 1,197 | 2.7% |
| Paper and paperboard | 875 | 861 | 907 | 893 | 948 | 2.1% |
| Pharmaceutical products | 779 | 894 | 931 | 982 | 1,060 | 2.4% |
| Ships and boats | 116 | 241 | 172 | 561 | 588 | 1.3% |
| Apparel and clothing accessories: not knitted | 601 | 631 | 704 | 725 | 769 | 1.7% |
| Iron and steel | 512 | 595 | 562 | 651 | 669 | 1.5% |
| Knitted and crocheted fabrics and articles thereof | 429 | 450 | 519 | 548 | 586 | 1.3% |
| Printed books, newspapers, etc | 358 | 360 | 387 | 409 | 412 | 0.9% |
| Iron or steel articles | 549 | 639 | 658 | 762 | 823 | 1.9% |
| Chemical products n.e.s. | 342 | 379 | 432 | 433 | 456 | 1.0% |
| Rubber and articles thereof | 386 | 401 | 418 | 436 | 483 | 1.1% |
| Toys, games and sports requisites | 322 | 352 | 362 | 397 | 423 | 1.0% |
| Organic chemicals | 304 | 342 | 291 | 296 | 333 | 0.8% |
| Inorganic chemicals | 162 | 185 | 193 | 186 | 225 | 0.5% |
| All other commodities | 7,350 | 7,714 | 8,345 | 9,183 | 10,554 | 23.8% |
| TOTAL MERCHANDISE IMPORTS VFD | 32,038 | 34,129 | 37,544 | 38,418 | 44,300 | 100.0% |
| C.I.F. Value | 34,128 | 36,539 | 40,051 | 40,878 | 47,022 | |